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Cisco CCIE certification in Routing and Switching indicates expert level knowledge of networking across various LAN and WAN interfaces, and a variety of routers and switches. Experts in R&S solve complex connectivity problems and apply technology solutions to increase bandwidth, improve response times, maximize performance, improve security, and support global applications. Candidates should be able to install, configure, and maintain LAN, WAN, and dial access services.

Becoming a Cisco CCIE requires passing a set of exams
There are no formal prerequisites for CCIE certification. Other professional certifications and/or specific training courses are not required. Instead, candidates are expected to have an in-depth understanding of the subtleties, intricacies and challenges of end-to-end networking. You are strongly encouraged to have 3-5 years of job experience before attempting certification. To obtain your CCIE, you must first pass a written qualification exam and then a corresponding hands-on lab exam.

Understanding How a Topology is Created

All Cisco switches in an extended LAN participating in a spanning tree gather information about other switches in the network through an exchange of data messages known as bridge protocol data units (BPDUs). This exchange of messages results in the following actions:

A unique Cisco root switch is elected for the spanning tree network topology
A designated switch is elected for every switched LAN segment
Any loops in the switched network are eliminated by placing redundant switch ports in a backup state; all paths that are not needed to reach the root switch from anywhere in the switched network are placed in STP-blocked mode.

The topology of an active switched network is determined by the following:

The unique Cisco switch identifier Media Access Control ([MAC] address of the switch) associated with each switch
The path cost to the root associated with each Cisco switch port
The port identifier (MAC address of the port) associated with each switch port

In a Cisco switched network, the root switch is the logical center of the spanning tree topology. A spanning tree protocol uses BPDUs to elect the

Understanding How Cisco Bridge Protocol Data Units Work

BPDUs contain configuration information about the transmitting switch and its ports, including switch and port MAC addresses, switch priority, port priority, and port cost. Each configuration BPDU contains this information:

The unique identifier of the cisco switch that the transmitting switch believes to be the root switch
The cost of the path to the root from the transmitting port
The identifier of the transmitting port

The switch sends configuration BPDUs to communicate and compute the spanning tree topology. A MAC frame conveying a BPDU sends the switch group address to the destination address field. All Cisco switches connected to the LAN on which the frame is transmitted receive the BPDU. BPDUs are not directly forwarded by the switch, but the receiving switch uses the information in the frame to calculate a BPDU, and if the topology changes, initiates a BPDU transmission. Cisco Training is needed to know how to configure a Cisco switch