Novell Directory Services (NDS), included with NetWare versions 4.x and 5.x, presents a special challenge when considering migration. Because NDS provides a hierarchical directory namespace, mapping that namespace to Windows 2000 Server requires thoughtful planning. In most circumstances, the optimum Active Directory namespace will not be the one used by NDS. This disjointed mapping is due to the basic methods of partitioning and replication, as well as the foundation of the namespace itself.
Similar namespace mappings may occur if a Geographic namespace model is used for Active Directory. Most NDS implementations follow this model to accommodate partitioning at the organizational unit (OU) level.
Active Directory and NDS provide a certain level of interoperability due to a common implementation of standards. However, there are several differences in the extent and form of that implementation that the reader should be aware of in planning a migration:
· Hierarchical Namespace: Previously discussed.
· Replication: NDS and Active Directory both provide replication services for the directory within each partition.
· DNS: NDS provides support for basic DNS services as well as support for DNS dynamic updates. Novell’s proprietary implementation differs somewhat from the Windows 2000 implementation of DNS in that no explicit mapping between NDS namespace and DNS namespace is provided.
· DHCP: The primary difference between NetWare and Windows 2000 DHCP relates to their integration with the DNS dynamic update protocol. NDS dynamically registers the client IP address with the associated NDS computer object, while Active Directory dynamically registers the client IP address with the host name in DNS. Both DNS services are capable of interoperating through standard zone transfers.
· LDAP Services: Both NDS and Active Directory support LDAP version 3. With a few exceptions, the implementations are interoperable even though not all NDS services are made available through LDAP.
· Internet Services: From a high-level, both NetWare and Windows 2000 provide similar Internet services such as Web services. The specific implementations vary significantly, and great care should be taken when swapping Web servers. NetWare assumes a Java-centric platform, and Windows 2000 focuses on the Component Object Model (COM).
Authentication: Both products use completely different methods and protocols for authenticating clients. Windows 2000 uses Kerberos authentication over IP only, while NDS authenticates using NetWare CoreOther Exchange Migration Suggestions
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